Hybrid energy systems using small modular nuclear reactors (SMRs)

This chapter discusses the potential application of small modular reactor concepts in tightly coupled, nuclear hybrid energy system (NHES) architectures, also referred to as “integrated energy systems.” Such an implementation proposes to integrate multiple input resources to produce multiple output products, maximizing the use of both thermal and electrical energy during times of both low and high net electricity demand. Considerations in the design and optimization of NHES architectures capable of flexible operation and a path forward for the analysis and development of such systems are discussed.