氢
碳氢化合物
制氢
分离器(采油)
井口
甲烷
石油工程
化石燃料
压缩氢
天然气
氢技术
环境科学
氢燃料
合成气
能量载体
废物管理
能源
化学
氢经济
地质学
工程类
有机化学
氢气储存
热力学
物理
出处
期刊:Spe Journal
[Society of Petroleum Engineers]
日期:2024-08-01
卷期号:29 (10): 5752-5760
被引量:1
摘要
Summary To reduce carbon emissions and meet increasing energy demands, efforts are being made to seek clean energy such as hydrogen (or H2). Currently, the dominant method to generate hydrogen is steam methane reforming at a surface plant. It would be ideal to extend this method to subsurface hydrocarbon reservoirs; hydrogen is separated from the other generated gases via a downhole hydrogen-selective membrane separator. By doing so, hydrogen is extracted from the wellhead, and other gases are left in the reservoir. The purpose of this paper is to provide a techno-economic analysis of this idea. The energy of generated hydrogen is compared with the energy of the hydrocarbon feedstock. The hydrogen selectivity (concentration) in the generated synthesis gas (syngas) and the amount of hydrogen generated per unit mass of oil in the literature are reviewed and discussed. The constraints to the hydrogen generation conditions in subsurface reservoirs are discussed. The effectiveness of the downhole membrane is discussed. It is found that the energy from generated hydrogen is much less than the energy input even in a surface reactor where reactants are fully mixed for reactions. In a subsurface reservoir, injected reactants cannot fully mix with the in-situ oil and gas, and reactions may occur only near the flood-front zone of a high temperature. As injected gas (such as steam or oxygen) displaces the oil and gases ahead, the produced hydrocarbons are much higher than hydrogen. Separation of hydrogen from other gases downhole presents challenges in many aspects in reality, such as membrane permeability or separation rate, work life (mechanical and chemical stability), and so on. Therefore, unless a revolutionary technology breakthrough occurs, the generation and production of hydrogen in a subsurface hydrocarbon reservoir may not be feasible.
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