Simultaneous removal of bisphenol F and nitrate by a novel isolated strain Pseudomonas sp. ZH-FAD

Simultaneous removal of refractory aromatic compounds including bisphenol compounds and nitrogen is a potential good strategy for treating the wastewaters containing these compounds. In this study, a novel bacterium capable of concurrent removals of bisphenol F (BPF) and nitrate was isolated and identified as Pseudomonas sp. ZH-FAD. The optimal reaction conditions were 35 C, 150 rpm, pH 7.0 and C/N 15. Under the above conditions, 300 mg/L BPF and 15.5 mg/L nitrate nitrogen could be completely removed. Meanwhile, the removal percentages of total organic carbon and nitrogen reached 100% and 96.2%, respectively. During this process, less than 0.01 mg/L nitrite was accumulated. Nitrogen balance experiments showed that intracellular nitrogen and N2 were two major fates of initial nitrate nitrogen. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed that BPF was transformed to bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) methanol, followed by 4,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 4-hydroxyphenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate, 4-hydroxybenzoate and 1,4- hydroquinone, finally mineralized to C02. To our knowledge, it is a first report that concurrent BPF degradation and the removal of nitrate via aerobic denitrification were performed by a novel isolated bacterium. The above studies indicated that strain ZH-FAD has a great potential for the application in the treatment of wastewaters containing these compounds.