Numerical Simulation of the Behavior of Caisson Based on Physical Modeling

Stiffened caissons are a new kind of offshore platform foundation which has been widely used in recent years. Stiffeners are employed to avoid buckling during the installation process. However, they also create a significant challenge in terms of understating the soil-flow patterns and corresponding installation resistance prediction. Although centrifuge and in situ tests can simulate the caisson installation process very well, their high costs prevent their widespread application. Model tests have been widely used in research on caisson behavior during installation, as they are convenient and cost less compared to centrifuge and prototype tests. However, the quantitative conclusions of the resulting predictions of installation resistance have some uncertainties because it is quite hard to strictly follow the similarity principle in 1 g model tests. Therefore, it is important to establish a method to calibrate the data from model tests, providing better estimates of caisson behavior in field tests. In our research, large deformation finite element (LDFE) analyses were conducted to provide insights into differences in the outcomes of caisson installation approaches between prototype tests and 1 g model tests. Prior to carrying out parametric studies, validations were conducted with good results. The results show that normalized soil strength significantly influences the behavior of caissons of various dimensions in 1 g model tests. In uniform clay, caissons exhibit consistent installation behavior; otherwise, they show significant differences. Based on systematic research, this paper reveals the mechanisms of the difference between model tests and prototype tests with different sizes of caissons and identifies the factors influencing these differences.