Immunoscore: a novel prognostic tool. Association with clinical outcome, response to treatment and survival in several malignancies

免疫系统 癌症 肿瘤科 肿瘤微环境 医学 内科学 间质细胞 结直肠癌 黑色素瘤 免疫学 癌症研究
作者
Silverio Ros-Martínez,Diana Navas-Carrillo,José Luis Alonso-Romero,Esteban Orenes‐Piñero
出处
期刊:Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences [Informa]
卷期号:57 (7): 432-443 被引量:22
标识
DOI:10.1080/10408363.2020.1729692
摘要

The predictive accuracy of the traditional staging system for cancer, the American Joint Committee on Cancer/Union Internationale Centre le Cancer (AJCC/UICC) classification of malignant tumors, is based on disease progression as a tumor cell-autonomous process, regardless the effects of the host immune response. The natural history of a tumor includes different phases of growth, migration and invasion. During these phases, tumor cells interact with their microenvironment and are influenced by signals from stromal, endothelial, inflammatory and immune cells. Indeed, tumors are often infiltrated by defensive cells such as lymphocytes, macrophages or mast cells and it has been shown extensively that lymphocytes may control cancer outcome, as evidenced in several human malignancies. Increasing evidence suggests that cancer progression is strongly influenced by host immune response, which is represented by immune cell infiltrates. The T-lymphocyte-based immunoscore (IS) has proved to be a prognostic factor in human malignancies such as colon, pancreas and lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, melanoma and even brain metastases. Although the IS was initially established to evaluate the prognosis of stage I/II/III colon cancer patients, its association with clinical outcomes and survival has been shown in other malignancies. The aim of this review is to analyze the association of IS with prognosis, survival and response to therapy in different tumor types.
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