类有机物
癌症
肿瘤微环境
生物
计算生物学
清脆的
癌细胞
免疫系统
细胞生物学
癌症研究
肿瘤细胞
免疫学
基因
遗传学
作者
David A. Tuveson,Hans Clevers
出处
期刊:Science
[American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)]
日期:2019-06-06
卷期号:364 (6444): 952-955
被引量:672
标识
DOI:10.1126/science.aaw6985
摘要
Organoids are microscopic self-organizing, three-dimensional structures that are grown from stem cells in vitro. They recapitulate many structural and functional aspects of their in vivo counterpart organs. This versatile technology has led to the development of many novel human cancer models. It is now possible to create indefinitely expanding organoids starting from tumor tissue of individuals suffering from a range of carcinomas. Alternatively, CRISPR-based gene modification allows the engineering of organoid models of cancer through the introduction of any combination of cancer gene alterations to normal organoids. When combined with immune cells and fibroblasts, tumor organoids become models for the cancer microenvironment enabling immune-oncology applications. Emerging evidence indicates that organoids can be used to accurately predict drug responses in a personalized treatment setting. Here, we review the current state and future prospects of the rapidly evolving tumor organoid field.
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