An Adaptive GPSR Routing Protocol for VANETs

The fast topology change and high-speed mobility of vehicles, as well as the limited radio range, usually lead to wrong packet forwarding decisions in highly dynamic Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET). This type of environment makes data routing very challenging. Position-based routing protocols are popular for VANET due to the availability of GPS devices. Geographic Perimeter Stateless Routing (GPSR) has been widely adopted to cope up with VANET challenges. Nevertheless, there are still improvements that could be incorporated into GPSR to make it more reliable and efficient. In this paper, we describe an Adaptive GPSR (AGPSR), including additional information in the Neighbors Table to select the best path and bypass the nodes that delivered the previous packets in recovery mode. This approach can avoid possible link-breakage due to for instance a road accident. We compared our results with the traditional GPSR using the Simulation of Urban MObility (SUMO) and Network Simulator-version 3 (NS-3) for both static and mobility scenarios. Our results show that the proposed AGPSR strategy has better performance than traditional GPSR when packet delivery ratio, lost packets and hop count are used as performance metrics.