自闭症
心理学
对话
联想(心理学)
凝视
偏爱
自闭症谱系障碍
社交暗示
透视图(图形)
典型地发展
发展心理学
社会关系
认知心理学
沟通
社会心理学
人工智能
计算机科学
精神分析
经济
心理治疗师
微观经济学
作者
Suzanne Macari,Xinyuan Chen,Ludivine Brunissen,Eukyung Yhang,Emma Brennan‐Wydra,Angélina Vernetti,Fred R. Volkmar,Joseph T. Chang,Katarzyna Chawarska
摘要
Abstract Diminished visual attention to faces of social partners represents one of the early characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here we examine if the introduction of puppets as social partners alters attention to speakers' faces in young children with ASD and typically developing (TD) controls. Children with ASD ( N = 37; M age = 49.44 months) and TD ( N = 27; M age = 40.66 months) viewed a video depicting a puppet and a human engaged in a conversation. Dwell time on these faces was analyzed as a function of group and speaker's identity. Unlike TD controls, the ASD group exhibited limited visual attention to and chance‐level visual preference for the human speaker. However, attention to and preference for the puppet speaker's face was greater than chance and comparable across the two groups. While there was a strong association between low human speaker preference and high autism severity, no association with autism severity was found for puppet speaker preference. Unlike humans, expressive and verbal puppets attracted the attention of children with ASD at levels comparable to that of TD controls. Considering that puppets can engage in reciprocal interactions and deliver simplified, salient social‐communicative cues, they may facilitate therapeutic efforts in children with ASD. Lay Summary While studies have shown support for therapeutic uses of robots with children with autism, other similar agents such as puppets remain to be explored. When shown a video of a conversation between a puppet and a person, young children with ASD paid as much attention to the puppet's face as typically‐developing (TD) children. Since puppets can engage in back‐and‐forth interactions and model social interactions and communication, they may play a promising role in therapeutic efforts for young children with ASD.
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