Research on Integrated Resorts (IR) and the Tourism Strategy Choice of Singapore

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to trace the process by which Singapore considered and reached social consensus on the development of integrated resorts (IR), including casinos. Additionally, this study aims to derive policy implications as a systemic basis for future IR development in Japan. Design/Methodology/Approach – A meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the context and content of policy decisions in detail, focusing on the theoretical discussion of the characteristics of Singaporean IR, and the political and social decision-making process surrounding the introduction of the IR business. Findings – The Singaporean government demonstrated an inclusive policy decision-making process that convinced various stakeholders, especially civil society and the religious community, on the introduction of casinos. In addition, to minimize the social side effects of introducing casinos, the government actively provided safety measures, and pursued a strategy to lead investors to invest a large amount of money in Singapore’s tourism infrastructure along with license renewal negotiations. Research Implications – By analyzing the policy compliance process of citizens and the effective use of policy framing regarding politically and socially controversial IR business, this study helps to understand the policy decision-making process concerning IR. Furthermore, through the successful case of Singapore, this study can provide a framework that can be applied systematically for future IR business development in Japan.