Unlocking the potential of elemental sulfur autotrophic denitrification through inorganic nutrient optimization

反硝化 硝酸盐 化学 自养 环境化学 营养物 磷酸盐 硫黄 生物反应器 碳酸氢盐 废水 好氧反硝化 流出物 环境工程 反硝化细菌 氮气 环境科学 生物化学 生物 细菌 有机化学 遗传学
作者
Yilu Sun,Xuening Zhang,Han-Lin Wang,Changyong Shao,Wei‐Qin Zhuang,Hao-Yi Cheng,Jixian Yang,Aijie Wang
出处
期刊:Chemical Engineering Journal [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:476: 146810-146810 被引量:4
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.cej.2023.146810
摘要

Elemental sulfur packed-bed (S0PB) bioreactors are increasingly employed to treat secondary effluents from wastewater treatment plants. Limited availability of inorganic nutrients, such as ammonium, phosphate, and inorganic carbon, significantly determines the growth of autotrophic microorganisms and the denitrification efficiency. This study investigated the constraining thresholds of inorganic nutrients on the elemental sulfur autotrophic denitrification process. In the absence of ammonium, phosphate, and bicarbonate, the denitrification rate decreased. Specifically, the ammonium assimilation process could be replaced by nitrate assimilation pathways, resulting in a 29.5 % decline in denitrification efficiency when the ammonium-N feed was reduced from 2.0 to 0 mg-N/L. However, the absence of phosphate-P and bicarbonate-C led to substantial drops in denitrification efficiency by 66.7 % and 77.5 %, respectively. This was primarily attributed to diminished biomass yield, as evidenced by reductions of 77.8–82.6 % in ATP and 35.7–44.3 % in protein content, along with a 12.4 %–14.7 % decrease in the relative abundances of dominant sulfur-oxidizing bacteria. Correlation analyses established specific thresholds for desired nitrate removal amounts: 0.131 for ammonium-N, 0.053 for phosphate-P, and 0.597 for bicarbonate-C. These thresholds provided valuable guidance for adjusting real-life wastewater through external supplementation when employing a pilot-scale S0PB bioreactor, leading to a significant enhancement of denitrification efficiency. This study emphasizes the significance of considering the concentrations of inorganic nutrients in wastewater when implementing S0PB bioreactors, which is a context that frequently neglects potential negative consequences.
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