MiR‐199a‐3p inhibition facilitates cardiomyocyte differentiation of embryonic stem cell through promotion of MEF2C

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNAs) is a small molecule (19–25 nucleotide) noncoding RNA that inhibits the expression of target messenger RNA (mRNA) at the posttranscriptional level as an endogenous regulator. There is an increasing evidence that miR‐199a‐3p has a significant effect on the development of multiple tumors. However, the specific roles of miR‐199a‐3p in myocardial differentiation of embryonic stem cell still need to be investigated. Method of the hanging drop was used to build the model of cardiomyocyte differentiation of stem cell and beating rate of embryoid bodies (EBs) was calculated. The levels of intracellular MEF2C, a‐MHC, GATA4, Nkx2.5, and cTnT mRNA were measured by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, while the expressions of miR‐199a‐3p were detected simultaneously. Protein levels of MEF2C, a‐MHC, GATA4, Nkx2.5, and cTnT were quantified by western blot analysis. Immunoreactivities of MEF2C and cTnT were analyzed by immunofluorescence. The interaction between miR‐199a‐3p and its predicted target (3′‐untranslated region of MEF2C mRNA) was verified by luciferase assay. MiR‐199a‐3p levels increased during cardiogenesis. MiR‐199a‐3p inhibitor increased the beating rate of EBs and promoted expressions of cardiac‐specific markers (GATA4, Nkx2.5, cTnT, and a‐MHC). Notably, miR‐199a‐3p inhibition brought upregulation of MEF2C, which is the target of miR‐199a‐3p that we predicted and verified experimentally. In addition, MEF2C siRNA decreased miR‐199a‐3p inhibitor promoted EBs beating and attenuated miR‐199a‐3p inhibitor‐induced cTnT and MEF2C expressions. The results above showed that MEF2C was involved in the process of promoting the differentiation of stem cells into cardiac myocytes by miR‐199a‐3p inhibitors.