NaOH-induced formation of 3D flower-sphere BiOBr/Bi4O5Br2 with proper-oxygen vacancies via in-situ self-template phase transformation method for antibiotic photodegradation

In this study, a novel 3D flower-sphere BiOBr/Bi4O5Br2 with proper-oxygen vacancies (OV) was successfully synthesized by using 3D BiOBr as a self-sacrificed template, NaOH as a structure-driving reagent and midwifery agent of OV. The synthesis mechanism was systematically studied. It revealed that Bi4O5Br2 lamina generated via in-situ phase transfer tightly interspersed in the interior and surface of 3D BiOBr hierarchical structures; calcination temperature, stirring time and –OH concentration can optimize the composition and structure of materials. Also, the calcination conditions (temperatures and air or N2 atmosphere) can regulate the OV's concentration. Ultimately, 3D hierarchical architectures, the optimal heterojunction composition and OV with proper concentrations three positive factors synergistically promoted the photoelectric activity of BiOBr/Bi4O5Br2–OV, making it exhibit ultrahigh photocatalytic activity for antibiotic photodegradation (tetracycline, TC; ciprofloxacin, CIP). We believe the synthesis methods and design idea mentioned in this paper have high instructive significance to prepare high-performance materials.