同手性
手性(物理)
对映选择合成
对映体
自然发生
磁性
化学
对映体过量
旋光
化学物理
光化学
催化作用
圆极化
各向异性
手征对称破缺
磁场
物理
立体化学
有机化学
对称性破坏
天体生物学
凝聚态物理
光学
粒子物理学
Nambu–Jona Lasinio模型
量子力学
作者
G. L. J. A. Rikken,E. Raupach
出处
期刊:Nature
[Springer Nature]
日期:2000-06-01
卷期号:405 (6789): 932-935
被引量:542
摘要
Many chemical and physical systems can occur in two forms distinguished solely by being mirror images of each other. This phenomenon, known as chirality, is important in biochemistry, where reactions involving chiral molecules often require the participation of one specific enantiomer (mirror image) of the two possible ones. In fact, terrestrial life utilizes only the L enantiomers of amino acids, a pattern that is known as the ‘homochirality of life’ and which has stimulated long-standing efforts to understand its origin1. Reactions can proceed enantioselectively if chiral reactants or catalysts are involved, or if some external chiral influence is present2. But because chiral reactants and catalysts themselves require an enantioselective production process, efforts to understand the homochirality of life have focused on external chiral influences. One such external influence is circularly polarized light, which can influence the chirality of photochemical reaction products2,13,14. Because natural optical activity, which occurs exclusively in media lacking mirror symmetry, and magnetic optical activity, which can occur in all media and is induced by longitudinal magnetic fields, both cause polarization rotation of light, the potential for magnetically induced enantioselectivity in chemical reactions has been investigated, but no convincing demonstrations of such an effect have been found2,3,4. Here we show experimentally that magnetochiral anisotropy—an effect linking chirality and magnetism5,6,7—can give rise to an enantiomeric excess in a photochemical reaction driven by unpolarized light in a parallel magnetic field, which suggests that this effect may have played a role in the origin of the homochirality of life.
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