社会学
社会资本
社会再生产
实证经济学
认识论
价值(数学)
首都(建筑)
资产(计算机安全)
个人资本
社会科学
新古典经济学
金融资本
经济
计算机科学
历史
机器学习
哲学
考古
利润(经济学)
计算机安全
标识
DOI:10.1146/annurev.soc.24.1.1
摘要
This paper reviews the origins and definitions of social capital in the writings of Bourdieu, Loury, and Coleman, among other authors. It distinguishes four sources of social capital and examines their dynamics. Applications of the concept in the sociological literature emphasize its role in social control, in family support, and in benefits mediated by extrafamilial networks. I provide examples of each of these positive functions. Negative consequences of the same processes also deserve attention for a balanced picture of the forces at play. I review four such consequences and illustrate them with relevant examples. Recent writings on social capital have extended the concept from an individual asset to a feature of communities and even nations. The final sections describe this conceptual stretch and examine its limitations. I argue that, as shorthand for the positive consequences of sociability, social capital has a definite place in sociological theory. However, excessive extensions of the concept may jeopardize its heuristic value.
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