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Bioinformatic analysis of RHO family of GTPases identifies RAC1 pharmacological inhibition as a new therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma

RAC1 肝细胞癌 癌症研究 GTP酶 体内 细胞凋亡 下调和上调 生物 癌症 医学 细胞生物学 转移 信号转导 内科学 基因 遗传学
作者
Juan Bayo,Esteban Fiore,Luciana Domínguez,María José Cantero,Matias S Ciarlantini,Mariana Malvicini,Catalina Atorrasagasti,Mariana Garcı́a,Mario Rossi,Claudio N. Cavasotto,Elisabeth D. Martínez,Julieta Comin,Guillermo Mazzolini
出处
期刊:Gut [BMJ]
卷期号:70 (7): 1362-1374 被引量:21
标识
DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321454
摘要

Objective The RHO family of GTPases, particularly RAC1, has been linked with hepatocarcinogenesis, suggesting that their inhibition might be a rational therapeutic approach. We aimed to identify and target deregulated RHO family members in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Design We studied expression deregulation, clinical prognosis and transcription programmes relevant to HCC using public datasets. The therapeutic potential of RAC1 inhibitors in HCC was study in vitro and in vivo. RNA-Seq analysis and their correlation with the three different HCC datasets were used to characterise the underlying mechanism on RAC1 inhibition. The therapeutic effect of RAC1 inhibition on liver fibrosis was evaluated. Results Among the RHO family of GTPases we observed that RAC1 is upregulated, correlates with poor patient survival, and is strongly linked with a prooncogenic transcriptional programme. From a panel of novel RAC1 inhibitors studied, 1D-142 was able to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in HCC cells, displaying a stronger effect in highly proliferative cells. Partial rescue of the RAC1-related oncogenic transcriptional programme was obtained on RAC1 inhibition by 1D-142 in HCC. Most importantly, the RAC1 inhibitor 1D-142 strongly reduce tumour growth and intrahepatic metastasis in HCC mice models. Additionally, 1D-142 decreases hepatic stellate cell activation and exerts an anti-fibrotic effect in vivo. Conclusions The bioinformatics analysis of the HCC datasets, allows identifying RAC1 as a new therapeutic target for HCC. The targeted inhibition of RAC1 by 1D-142 resulted in a potent antitumoural effect in highly proliferative HCC established in fibrotic livers.
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