索马里风
传统医学
毒性
一氧化氮
药理学
消炎药
急性毒性
活力测定
脂多糖
化学
生物
体外
医学
生物化学
免疫学
替代医学
有机化学
病理
作者
Alessandro Orrù,Giorgio Marchese,Stefania Ruiu
出处
期刊:Pharmacology
[S. Karger AG]
日期:2023-01-01
卷期号:108 (3): 301-307
被引量:6
摘要
The anti-inflammatory properties of the medicinal plant Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (WS) are generally related to withanolides; consistently, several strategies are under investigation to increase the concentration of these compounds in WS extracts. However, a potential toxicity of withanolides has been highlighted, thus questioning the safety of such preparations. At variance, the relative contribution of alkaloids is underrated, in spite of preliminary evidence underlining a possible pharmacological relevance. Starting from these considerations, the efficacy/safety profile of WS root extract (WSE) was compared with those of WS extracts which are enriched in alkaloids (WSA) and withanolides (WSW), respectively. MTT assay was used to evaluate cell viability. The anti-inflammatory activities of the different extracts were estimated throughout the assessment of the inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated release of nitric oxide (NO) and the upregulation of iNOS and COX-2 protein in RAW 264.7 cells. Both WSA and WSW were able to reduce LPS-mediated effects in RAW 264.7 cells, suggesting that alkaloids and withanolides may contribute to the anti-inflammatory activity of WSE. A significant higher anti-inflammatory activity and a lower toxicity were observed when WSA was compared to WSW. The present results highlighted that the contribution of alkaloids to WS pharmacological effects should not be neglected. Particularly, these compounds may concur to reach a more advantageous efficacy/safety profile when WS is used for anti-inflammatory purposes.
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