A novel AIRE-based fluorescent ratiometric probe with endoplasmic reticulum-targeting ability for detection of hypochlorite and bioimaging

Hypochlorite (ClO−) plays an important role in the human immune defense system, but high concentrations of ClO− in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) damage cellular proteins, causing ER stress, cell death, and various diseases. Herein, we developed a simple hydrazone probe (1) featuring aggregation-induced ratiometric emission, which would quickly (within 20 s) and sensitively (detection limit of 15.4 μM) respond to ClO− in an almost pure aqueous solution via a fluorescent ratiometric output. Furthermore, the probe was employed to track the level of ClO− in the ER of HeLa cells and zebrafish.