[One-stage revision using intra-articular vancomycin infusion effectively treats chronic prosthetic joint infection caused by Enterococcal].

Objective: To investigate the clinical effects of one-stage revision combined with intra-articular infusion of vancomycin in the treatment of chronic prosthetic joint infection (PJI) caused by Enterococcal. Methods: From May 2013 to June 2020,the clinical data of 9 patients (2 males and 7 females) with chronic Enterococcal PJI treated with one-stage revision using intra-articular infusion of vancomycin at Department of Orthopaedics,First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were retrospectively analyzed,including 8 hips and 1 knee.A total of 9 patients with age of (63.9±11.7)years (range:43 to 76 years) were included, and the body mass index was (23.6±4.3)kg/m2 (range:18 to 30 kg/m2).There were 6 cases with antibiotic history and 5 cases with sinus tract.The joint fluid,infected tissue around the prosthesis and ultrasonic shock fluid of the prosthesis were collected during operation for microbial culture identification and drug sensitivity test.After thorough debridement of the infected site and removal of the infected prosthesis,a new prosthesis was implanted,then the drainage tube in the operation area was placed.After surgery,vancomycin(1.0 g,q12 h) was combined with intra-articular vancomycin(0.5 g,qd) in monomicrobial PJI,and vancomycin(1.0 g,q12 h) was combined with intra-articular vancomycin (0.5 g,qd) and imipenem/meropenem (0.5 g,qd),and the interval between the two drugs was 12 hours in polymicrobial PJI.Hip and knee functions were evaluated by Harris Hip Score or Knee Society Score(KSS),respectively.The comparison of hip function scores before and after operation was performed by paired t-test. Results: All patients were followed up for (60±39)months(range:24 to 110 months).Two cases were infected with Enterococcus faecium and 7 cases were infected with Enterococcus faecalis.There were 7 cases of monomicrobial infection and 2 cases of polymicrobial infection.Erythromycin(5/9),tetracycline(4/9),ciprofloxacin and β-lactam antibiotics(3/9) were the top three antibiotics in Enterococci resistance rate.The sensitive antibiotics for Enterococcal were vancomycin,linezolid and tigecycline.The average duration of intravenous antibiotics was (14±1)days (range:13 to 17 days),and the average duration of antibiotics in articular cavity was (15±2)days(range:11 to 20 days).Mean duration of oral antibiotic use after discharge was (2±1)months(range:1 to 3 months).One case of polymicrobial PJI treatment failed,with a failure rate of 1/9.At last follow-up,the Harris score of patients with hip PJI increased from (43±6)points to (84±6)points(t=-11.899, P<0.01). KSS score of knee function was improved from 33 point pre-operatively to 85 point post-operatively;overall function score was improved from 35 point pre-operatively to 80 point post-operatively.During the treatment,no formation of sinus tract of the hip joint caused by a catheter,skin necrosis at the knee puncture site or leakage of joint fluid;no complications such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism occurred. Conclusions: One-stage revision combined with intra-articular infusion of vancomycin can achieve acceptable infection control rate and joint function in patients with chronic Enterococcus PJI.However,the treatment of polymicrobial PJI still needs to be further verified.目的： 探讨一期翻修术联合万古霉素关节腔用药治疗慢性肠球菌关节假体周围感染（PJI）的临床效果。 方法： 回顾性分析2013年5月至2020年6月新疆医科大学第一附属医院骨科采用一期翻修术联合万古霉素关节腔用药连续治疗的9例慢性肠球菌PJI患者的临床资料，男性2例，女性7例；年龄（63.9±11.7）岁（范围：43~76岁）；体重指数（23.6±4.3）kg/m2（范围：18~30 kg/m2）。其中髋关节置换8例，膝关节置换1例；既往有抗菌药物用药史6例，合并窦道5例。所有患者术中留取关节液、假体周围感染组织和假体超声震荡液，行微生物培养鉴定及药物敏感试验。术中对感染病灶彻底清创，取出感染假体，更换新的关节假体，放置术区引流管，髋关节留置抗菌药物用药管，膝关节行穿刺用药。在单一菌PJI中，术后静脉滴注万古霉素（1.0 g，每12小时1次）联合关节腔万古霉素（0.5 g，每天1次）；在混合菌PJI中，术后静脉滴注万古霉素（1.0 g，每12小时1次）联合关节腔万古霉素（0.5 g，每天1次）+亚胺培南/美罗培南（0.5 g，每天1次），后两者用药时间间隔12 h。采用Harris髋关节评分或美国膝关节协会（KSS）评分评估髋、膝关节功能。手术前后髋关节功能评分的比较采用配对t检验。 结果： 所有患者获得随访，随访时间为（60±39）个月（范围：24~110个月）。屎肠球菌感染2例，粪肠球菌感染7例；单一菌感染7例，混合菌感染2例。肠球菌耐药率前3名的抗菌药物依次为红霉素（5/9）、四环素（4/9）、环丙沙星和β-内酰胺类抗菌药物（3/9）；肠球菌敏感的抗菌药物为万古霉素、利奈唑胺和替加环素。本组静脉抗菌药物的用药时间为（14±1）d（范围：13~17 d），关节腔抗菌药物用药时间为（15±2）d（范围：11~20 d），出院后口服抗菌药物用药时间（2±1）个月（范围：1~3个月）。1例混合菌PJI治疗失败，失败率为1/9。末次随访时，8例髋关节PJI患者Harris髋关节评分由术前的（43±6）分升至（84±6）分（t=-11.899，P<0.01）；1例膝关节PJI患者KSS膝关节功能评分由术前的33分升至85分，整体功能评分由术前的35分升至80分。治疗期间无引流管所致的髋关节窦道形成、膝关节穿刺处无皮肤坏死或关节液外漏；无深静脉血栓形成、肺栓塞等并发症发生。 结论： 对慢性肠球菌PJI采用一期翻修术联合万古霉素关节腔用药有望取得良好的感染控制率及关节功能，但对于混合菌PJI治疗仍需进一步验证。.