Systematic Review of the Effects of Skin-to-Skin Care on Short-Term Physiologic Stress Outcomes in Preterm Infants in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

医学 孵化器 新生儿重症监护室 奇纳 重症监护 重症监护医学 压力源 心肺适能 胎龄 儿科 怀孕 物理疗法 心理干预 护理部 临床心理学 生物 微生物学 遗传学
作者
Britt Frisk Pados,Francis Hess
出处
期刊:Advances in Neonatal Care [Lippincott Williams & Wilkins]
卷期号:20 (1): 48-58 被引量:25
标识
DOI:10.1097/anc.0000000000000596
摘要

Infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are exposed to many stressors. There is growing evidence that chronic stress early in life has long-term neurodevelopmental implications. Skin-to-skin care (SSC) is an intervention used to reduce stress in the NICU.In premature infants in the NICU, what is the available evidence that SSC improves short-term physiologic stress outcomes compared with incubator care?PubMed and CINAHL were searched for terms related to SSC, stress, physiology, and premature infants. Of 1280 unique articles, 19 were identified that reported on research studies comparing SSC with incubator care in the NICU and reported stress-related physiologic outcome measures.Although there have been some mixed findings, the research supports that SSC improves short-term cardiorespiratory stress outcomes compared with incubator care. The evidence is clearer for studies reporting stress hormone outcomes, with strong evidence that SSC reduces cortisol and increases oxytocin levels in preterm infants.SSC is safe and has stress-reducing benefits. SSC should be considered an essential component to providing optimal care in the NICU. More research is needed to determine the timing of initiation, duration, and frequency of SSC to optimize the stress-reducing benefits. Future research should include the most fragile infants, who are most likely to benefit from SSC, utilize power analyses to ensure adequate sample sizes, and use sophisticated data collection and analysis techniques to more accurately evaluate the effect of SSC on infants in the NICU.
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