Korean LupusPRO: Cross-Cultural validation study for systemic lupus erythematosus

To establish the reliability and validity of the Korean version of LupusPRO version 1.7 (v1.7) for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients.LupusPRO v1.7 was translated into Korean, followed by pretesting among five native Korean speakers. We administered the LupusPRO v1.7 survey to five SLE patients and made minor changes to clarify the language. Then, 133 SLE patients participated in the validation procedure. In each domain, the internal consistency reliability (ICR) and test-retest reliability (TRR) were assessed using Cronbach's alpha and the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. Criterion validity was evaluated using Spearman's correlation coefficient with the other measures such as SF-36, EQ-5D VAS, and SELENA-SLEDAI PGA. Construct validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using the unweighted least square estimation method.The mean age of the 133 patients was 36.14 years, and 97% of them were women. Analysis of 130 returned questionnaires revealed that most ICRs of the Korean LupusPRO v1.7 domains were acceptable, with Cronbach's alphas in the range of 0.579-0.949, and most TRRs were good with ICCs from 0.582 to 0.851. Criterion validities presented significant correlations between the LupusPRO v1.7 and other measures validated. In the analysis of the CFA model, the goodness of fit indices demonstrated an acceptable fit. Factor loadings for most individual items were between 0.548 and 0.985. The average variance extracted (AVE) and composite reliability (CR) of most domains were greater than 0.5 and 0.7, respectively, demonstrating acceptable convergent and discriminant validities.The Korean version of LupusPRO v.17 had acceptable reliability and validity.