Environmentally Benign Production of Stretchable and Robust Superhydrophobic Silicone Monoliths

材料科学 砂纸 环境友好型 硅酮 弹性体 复合材料 纳米技术 乳状液 磨损(机械) 聚二甲基硅氧烷 化学工程 生态学 工程类 生物
作者
Alexander Davis,Salvatore Surdo,Gianvito Caputo,Ilker S. Bayer
出处
期刊:ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:10 (3): 2907-2917 被引量:107
标识
DOI:10.1021/acsami.7b15088
摘要

Superhydrophobic materials hold an enormous potential in sectors as important as aerospace, food industries, or biomedicine. Despite this great promise, the lack of environmentally friendly production methods and limited robustness remain the two most pertinent barriers to the scalability, large-area production, and widespread use of superhydrophobic materials. In this work, highly robust superhydrophobic silicone monoliths are produced through a scalable and environmentally friendly emulsion technique. It is first found that stable and surfactantless water-in-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) emulsions can be formed through mechanical mixing. Increasing the internal phase fraction of the precursor emulsion is found to increase porosity and microtexture of the final monoliths, rendering them superhydrophobic. Silica nanoparticles can also be dispersed in the aqueous internal phase to create micro/nanotextured monoliths, giving further improvements in superhydrophobicity. Due to the elastomeric nature of PDMS, superhydrophobicity can be maintained even while the material is mechanically strained or compressed. In addition, because of their self-similarity, the monoliths show outstanding robustness to knife-scratch, tape-peel, and finger-wipe tests, as well as rigorous sandpaper abrasion. Superhydrophobicity was also unchanged when exposed to adverse environmental conditions including corrosive solutions, UV light, extreme temperatures, and high-energy droplet impact. Finally, important properties for eventual adoption in real-world applications including self-cleaning, stain-repellence, and blood-repellence are demonstrated.
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