Synthesis, Characterization, and Inhibition Study of Novel Substituted Phenylureido Sulfaguanidine Derivatives as α‐Glycosidase and Cholinesterase Inhibitors

Abstract A series of six N ‐carbamimidoyl‐4‐(3‐substituted phenylureido)benzenesulfonamide derivatives were synthesized by reaction of sulfaguanidine with aromatic isocyanates. In vitro and in silico inhibitory effects of the novel ureido‐substituted sulfaguanidine derivatives were investigated by spectrophotometric methods for α‐glycosidase (α‐GLY), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). N ‐Carbamimidoyl‐4‐{[(3,4‐dichlorophenyl)carbamoyl]amino}benzene‐1‐sulfonamide ( 2f ) showed AChE and BChE inhibitory effects, with K I values of 515.98±45.03 nM and 598.47±59.18 nM, respectively, while N ‐carbamimidoyl‐4‐{[(3‐chlorophenyl)carbamoyl]amino}benzene‐1‐sulfonamide ( 2e ) showed strong α‐GLY inhibitory effect, with K I values of 103.94±13.06 nM. The antidiabetic effects of the novel synthesized compounds are higher than their anti‐Alzheimer's effects, because the inhibition effect of the compounds on the α‐GLY with diabetic enzyme is greater than the effect on esterase enzymes. Indeed, inhibition of the metabolic enzymes is important for the treatment of DM and AD.