An Advanced Application of UAV – Drone Technologies in Precision Agriculture for Seed Dropping, Fertilizers and Pesticides Spraying and Field Monitoring

In precision agriculture, too much advancement has been made to boost crop output. Almost 70% of rural residents in nations like India depend mostly on agriculture for their income. Sensors and the Internet of Things are crucial for creating a more environment-friendly and fruitful global agriculture. Large volumes of data may be intelligently monitored and analyzed to provide deeper understanding and information that can then be used to improve forecasting, judgment, and sensor management. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), that could potentially quickly be deployed for monitoring reasons, have considerably benefitted precision agriculture. The World Health Organization (WHO) has reported adverse effects from manual fertilizer and pesticide spraying, causing a million cases. To address this issue, drones are being used to spray fertilizers and pesticides at different densities. These UAVs can assist farmers in increasing crop production by monitoring crop health and soil health, reducing environmental harm, and using resources efficiently. Finally, the UAVs are used to spray fertilizer and pesticides as per the observed data results. Drones are used in the majority of applications as a movable aerial platform for high-resolution image capture to determine the impact of pest, disease and weed patches in a cultivated field. The temperature, humidity, light intensity, pressure, and soil moisture of an agriculture field environment is collected through sensors. Importantly, the former can identify the crop health and weed patches through aerial captured images and soil moisture and environment conditions by sensors. Especially, the drone use for precise crop health monitoring is economical, less time-consuming process. The study emphasizes the importance of novel technologies in achieving sustainable pest management in modern agriculture and how this will require collaboration between experts from multiple disciplines, including agronomy, ecology, software development, and engineering.