A Novel Model for Battery Optimal Sizing in Microgrid Planning Considering Battery Capacity Degradation Process and Thermal Impact

As the optimal size of the battery energy storage system (BESS) affects microgrid operation economically and technically, this paper focuses on a novel BESS sizing model. This model is based on the battery degradation process (BDP) and it can consider temperature impact on the BESS performance. The proposed model aims to accurately minimize microgrid costs. To this end, the major factors affecting the BDP such as temperature, depth of discharge, incomplete/complete cycles, state of charge, and time passage are linearly incorporated into the proposed model to estimate the amount of the BESS capacity loss. To calculate the BESS cycle aging because of the incomplete/complete cycles, a novel linear framework is introduced. Moreover, the relation between the temperature and the allowable BESS capacity is also modeled and integrated into the BESS sizing model to increase the accuracy of the BESS modeling and achieved results. Various case studies are carried out to show the applicability and effectiveness of the presented model. The conducted simulations demonstrate that the BDP and the temperature impact dramatically affect the BESS performance and the microgrid operation cost. The results also indicate that the proposed model can improve the accuracy of the obtained results by 4.72%.