The Mechanism of Lavender Essential Oil in the Treatment of Acute Colitis Based on "Quantity-Effect" Weight Coefficient Network Pharmacology.

This study aimed to introduce a new weight coefficient combined with network pharmacology to predict the potential active components, action targets, and signal pathways of essential oil and to investigate the therapeutic effect of essential oil on colitis through animal experiments. The component targets of essential oil were mined from the Pubchem and SwissTargetPrediction databases, and the relative content of essential oil was compared with OB (oral bioavailability) to establish a quantity-effect weight coefficient. Online databases such as GeneCards and String were used to construct a lavender essential oil compound disease target network to extract the key targets of core compounds acting on diseases. The clusterProfiler package in R language programming of Rstudio software was used to analyze the enrichment of the related targets by Gene Ontology and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and the enriched pathways were reordered according to the quantity-effect weight coefficient of the targets they participated in. Following up on the findings, the pharmacodynamic test showed that, after injecting essential oil into mice, the levels of inflammatory cytokines including EGFR, TNF-α, and IFN-γ in serum and colon tissue decreased, and essential oil could mediate Th17 cell differentiation by reducing dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) colonic mucosal damage. The results indicated that essential oil can alleviate DSS-induced colonic mucosal injury in ulcerative Colitis mice. Based on the network pharmacology of the quantity-effect weight coefficient, this study indicated that essential oil can regulate the level of inflammatory factors, inhibit inflammatory reactions through a multicomponent and multitarget strategy, and ultimately alleviate the colonic mucosal injury of UC mice. Through the weight coefficient network pharmacology mining, it was concluded that the Th17 cell differentiation, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation of essential oil in the treatment of UC may be the key pathway for the treatment of the disease. Through the establishment of a weight coefficient combined with network pharmacology and the combination of dose and effect, it shows that network pharmacology may provide a better basis for the treatment of disease mechanism.