Health-Related Factors Among Pilots in Aviation Accidents

航空医学 航空学 航空 职业安全与健康 航空事故 人为因素与人体工程学 航空安全 伤害预防 毒物控制 自杀预防 医疗急救 医学 环境卫生 心理学 工程类 历史 航空航天工程 病理 表演艺术 艺术史
作者
Ye Zhu,Michael E. Wolf,Reem Alsibai,Alzhraa Salah Abbas,Yahya Alsawaf,Samer Saadi,Magdoleen H. Farah,Zhen Wang,M. Hassan Murad
出处
期刊:Aerospace medicine and human performance [Aerospace Medical Association]
卷期号:95 (2): 79-83
标识
DOI:10.3357/amhp.6345.2024
摘要

INTRODUCTION: Health-related factors can impact aviation safety. This study investigated the published, historical aviation accidents that have been investigated by the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) to understand medical conditions and medication use that have been determined to be causal to mishaps. METHODS: A two-part approach was adopted for this study: 1) a scoping review was conducted to provide an overview of the current medical literature addressing medical factors and flight safety; and 2) a comprehensive review of aviation accident reports from the NTSB database from January 2013 to October 2022. RESULTS: The literature review demonstrated that psychiatric, cardiovascular, and neurological medications were the major categories of medications reported in fatal aircraft accidents. Age was not found to be a risk factor. Review of the NTSB database demonstrated that, among 15,654 mishaps, medical factors were associated in 703 (4.5%) accidents. NTSB data showed that cardiovascular (1.3%), psychiatric (0.23%), and endocrine diseases (0.17%) were the most commonly reported diseases among pilots. In accident reports, cardiovascular medications (1.49%), sedating antihistamines (0.91%), and alcohol (0.70%) were the most commonly used medications at the time of the accidents. DISCUSSION: Health-related factors were a small yet likely underestimated proportion of the factors associated with accidents. Cardiovascular diseases and treatment were the most important factors. It is important to continue to investigate the association between health-related factors and the commission of mishaps. Zhu Y, Wolf ME, Alsibai RA, Abbas AS, Alsawaf Y, Saadi S, Farah MH, Wang Z, Murad MH. Health-related factors among pilots in aviation accidents . Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2024; 95(2):79–83.
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