Recent Advances of Bismuth Halide Based Nanomaterials for Photocatalytic Antibacterial and Photodynamic Therapy

Abstract Studies of layered structure nanomaterials is greatly explored to provide enormous potential for the development of photocatalytic bioapplication. As one of the layered nanomaterials, bismuth halide nanomaterials have attracted much attention due to their outstanding properties, such as excellent optoelectronic performance, higher biosafety, high abundance, etc. Here, a brief review of recent research progress of bismuth halide based nanomaterials (BiONs) in bioapplication is provided, mainly including photocatalytic antibacterial and photodynamic therapy. Surface engineering strategies, including doping, heterojunction, morphology control, vacancy engineering, facet engineering, and others, are employed to develop a high photoactivity and better biological compatibility of BiONs. In this review, the major challenges of BiONs during the photoreaction process are discussed and promising strategies are proposed for superior photocatalytic performance in biological area. It is hoped that this review may offer new insights into the development of highly active nanomaterials in bioapplication.