DNA甲基化
生物
表观遗传学
计算生物学
基因表达调控
DNA
基因
基因表达
遗传学
作者
Chongyuan Luo,Petra Hájková,Joseph R. Ecker
出处
期刊:Science
[American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)]
日期:2018-09-28
卷期号:361 (6409): 1336-1340
被引量:545
标识
DOI:10.1126/science.aat6806
摘要
The classical model of cytosine DNA methylation (the presence of 5-methylcytosine, 5mC) regulation depicts this covalent modification as a stable repressive regulator of promoter activity. However, whole-genome analysis of 5mC reveals widespread tissue- and cell type–specific patterns and pervasive dynamics during mammalian development. Here we review recent findings that delineate 5mC functions in developmental stages and diverse genomic compartments as well as discuss the molecular mechanisms that connect transcriptional regulation and 5mC. Beyond the newly appreciated dynamics, regulatory roles for 5mC have been suggested in new biological contexts, such as learning and memory or aging. The use of new single-cell measurement techniques and precise editing tools will enable functional analyses of 5mC in gene expression, clarifying its role in various biological processes.
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