An incentive mechanism for general purpose technologies R&D based on the concept of super-conflict equilibrium: Empirical evidence from nano industrial technology in China

The research and development (R&D) of general purpose technologies (GPTs) is a collaborative effort of innovation involving multiple stakeholders, which has received extensive attention worldwide. Considering the characteristics of China's R&D of Nano-GPT, this research mainly makes two contributions: (1) Based on the theory of conflict analysis, a theoretical framework of Chinese GPTs super-conflict equilibrium is constructed to analyze the decision-making behavior among stakeholders, which enriches the theory of GPTs; (2) Under the framework of super-conflict equilibrium of GPTs, an incentive mechanism is designed to promote the R&D of GPTs from the perspective of cost sharing, and its incentive effect is stable and sustainable. In addition, taking "Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics (SINANO) of Jiangsu in China" as a case, this paper provides some interesting management suggestions through numerical simulation analysis, which are more suitable for developing countries with similar R&D situation in China's GPTs.