Remote sensing system to monitoring of quality air using unmanned aerial vehicles and LoRa communication

Air pollution depends on various factors including: the economic activities of specified geographic region, the transport and mobility infrastructure, as well as the physiographic characteristics of the region. In general, in urban areas the main air pollutants are gasses and particles emitted by factories and cars, including PM10 and PM2.5 particles, and gases like SO₂ , NO_x, CO, VOC, NH₃ affecting the quality of the air. In this work, a remote sensing system is proposed to monitoring of air quality, which is mounted on unmanned aerial vehicle, UAV and developed as wireless sensor networks WSN. The electronic instrumentation consists of a wireless communication interface based in LoRaWAN protocol and an array of sensors to measure the concentration of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), Ammonia (NH₃) and suspended particles PM2.5 and PM10. The optimal design of the sensing system has been development under the constrain: a low weight, a compacted design and a low power consumption. The system will be used to monitor the air quality in Torreon, Mexico. In particular, we are interesting in measure the pollution concentration a function of height from 10 to 150 m, at specified areas. For example, near to factories.