Whole-Ovary Laparoscopic Incisions Improve Hormonal Response and Fertility in Patients with Extremely Poor Ovarian Response

Recent findings have shown mechanical fragmentation of ovarian cortex and ovarian drilling could promote follicle growth in patients with premature ovarian insufficiency and polycystic ovarian syndrome, respectively. A common element shared by these treatments is the mechanical disturbance of ovarian extracellular matrix tissues. We thus hypothesized a simplified whole-ovary laparoscopic incision (WOLI) procedure may provide the intrinsic stimuli needed to activate resting follicles in patients with an extremely poor ovarian response (EPOR) who had negligible chance of becoming pregnant with their own oocytes via modern in vitro fertilization practice.Retrospective pilot study.The study was conducted in a research medical center in Taiwan.Women who had multiple canceled ovarian stimulation cycles due to the lack of follicle growth were recruited. A total of 6 patients with EPOR received the WOLI procedure, which covers the whole surface of ovaries, in 2015 to 2017.After receiving an outpatient WOLI procedure, ovarian response and follicle growth were monitored for 90 days with or without gonadotropin stimulation. Embryo quality and clinical outcomes were analyzed.After the WOLI treatment, 5 of 6 patients had significant increases in serum estradiol level and improved follicle growth (p = .001). Multiple oocytes were retrieved from each of these patients, and it led to thawed embryo transfer (ET) cycles in 4 patients (p = .010). On average, the duration from the WOLI procedure to the first ovum pickup was 24 days (11 to 58 days). After ET, 2 patients became pregnant and delivered healthy babies. Two other patients received ET, and 1 led to a chemical pregnancy. One patient had cryopreserved embryos with pending transfer.The standardizable WOLI procedure restored hormonal responses in a majority of patients with EPOR. Further validation of this novel and yet simple laparoscopic procedure, which requires only 1 laparoscopic surgery, may provide a practical option to reactivate the aging ovarian environment in patients with EPOR and premature ovarian insufficiency.