未折叠蛋白反应
蛋白质稳态
神经退行性变
内质网
神经科学
信号转导
突触可塑性
生物
细胞生物学
疾病
医学
受体
生物化学
病理
作者
Yannis Gerakis,Claudio Hetz
出处
期刊:FEBS Journal
[Wiley]
日期:2017-12-15
卷期号:285 (6): 995-1011
被引量:194
摘要
Alzheimer's disease ( AD ) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by synaptic dysfunction and accumulation of abnormal aggregates formed by amyloid‐β peptides or phosphorylated tau proteins. Accumulating evidence suggests that alterations in the buffering capacity of the proteostasis network are a salient feature of AD . The endoplasmic reticulum ( ER ) is the main compartment involved in protein folding and secretion and is drastically affected in AD neurons. ER stress triggers the activation of the unfolded protein response ( UPR ), a signal transduction pathway that enforces adaptive programs to recover homeostasis or trigger apoptosis of irreversibly damaged cells. Experimental manipulation of specific UPR signaling modules in preclinical models of AD has revealed a key role of this pathway in regulating protein misfolding and neurodegeneration. Recent studies suggest that the UPR also influences synaptic plasticity and memory through ER stress‐independent mechanisms. Consequently, targeting of the UPR in AD is emerging as an interesting therapeutic approach to modify the two pillars of AD , protein misfolding and synaptic failure. Here, we review the functional role of ER stress signaling in AD , discussing the complex involvement of the pathway in controlling neuronal survival, the amyloid cascade, neurodegeneration and synaptic function. Recent intervention efforts to target the UPR with pharmacological and gene therapy strategies are also discussed.
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