Morphological and electrocatalytic studies on Ni2+ doped MnWO4 microflowers: A dual mode catalyst for the electrochemical sensor and supercapacitor application

Here, we fabricated nickel-doped manganese tungstate microflowers (N-MW MFs) for electrochemical sensor and supercapacitor applications. N-MW MFs were prepared using the reflux method followed by a calcination process. The doping ratio of nickel varied between 0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 mmol and they were designated as N-MW-0.3 MFs, N-MW-0.5 MFs, and N-MW-0.7 MFs, respectively. The as-prepared materials were analyzed and confirmed by the following physiochemical characterization methods: Powder-XRD, FT-IR, Raman, XPS, FE-SEM, and HR-TEM analysis. N-MW-0.5 MFs modified SPCE exhibited a well-resolved chlorpromazine (CHPMZ) oxidation peak in the CV experiments, which can be attributed to the strong synergistic effect between two different metal ion combinations and the presence of crystal defects. From the optimization result, the N-MW-0.5 MFs/SPCE exhibits a low detection limit of 2 nM and higher sensitivity (0.859 μA μM−1 cm−2) and wide linear ranges (0.01–77.81 μM and 95.81–1230.81 μM). The fabricated CHPMZ sensor was also successfully used for the determination of CHPMZ in water and human blood serum and showed acceptable recovery. In addition, the prepared N-MW-0.5 exhibited an improved specific capacitance of 222.7 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1. Based on the results, we believe that the fabricated N-MW MFs-modified electrode is a potential candidate for CHPMZ sensor and supercapacitor applications.