Evidence and Mass Quantification of Atmospheric Microplastics in a Coastal New Zealand City

微塑料 环境化学 沉积(地质) 环境科学 聚碳酸酯 质谱法 化学 色谱法 地质学 沉积物 古生物学 有机化学
作者
Wenxia Fan,Jennifer Salmond,Kim N. Dirks,Patricia Cabedo‐Sanz,Gordon M. Miskelly,Joel D. Rindelaub
出处
期刊:Environmental Science & Technology [American Chemical Society]
卷期号:56 (24): 17556-17568 被引量:45
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.est.2c05850
摘要

This study investigated the atmospheric deposition of microplastics (MPs) in Auckland, New Zealand, from two sampling sites over a 9-week period. The sizes, morphologies, number counts, and mass concentrations of specific polymers were determined for airborne MPs using a combination of a Nile Red-assisted automated fluorescence microscopy technique in series with pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS). This enabled a larger number of MPs to be analyzed from each sample compared to traditional spectroscopic techniques. Microplastic number concentrations increased exponentially with decreasing size. The results show the importance of using consistent methodologies and size cutoffs when comparing microplastic data between studies. Eight polymers were quantified in the atmospheric deposition samples, with polyethylene (PE), polycarbonate (PC), and poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) being the most commonly observed. The largest MP deposition rates at an urban rooftop correlated with winds originating from the marine environment with speeds between 15 and 20 m s–1, indicating that airborne MPs in coastal regions may originate from wave-breaking mechanisms. This study represents the first report of using Pyr-GC/MS to determine the chemical compositions and mass concentrations of atmospheric microplastics, along with corresponding data on their sizes, morphologies, and number counts.
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