Fighting polymicrobial biofilms in bacterial vaginosis

细菌性阴道病 阴道菌群 微生物学 抗生素 生物 生物膜 甲硝唑 乳酸菌 厌氧菌 克林霉素 抗菌剂 细菌 遗传学
作者
Lúcia G. V. Sousa,Sofia Pereira,Nuno Cerca
出处
期刊:Microbial biotechnology [Wiley]
卷期号:16 (7): 1423-1437 被引量:23
标识
DOI:10.1111/1751-7915.14261
摘要

Abstract Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of vaginal discharge and is often associated with other health consequences mainly in pregnant women. BV is described by an imbalance in the vaginal microbiota where strictly and facultative anaerobic bacteria outgrow the lactic acid‐ and hydrogen peroxide‐producing Lactobacillus species. The species involved in BV are capable to grow and form a polymicrobial biofilm in the vaginal epithelium. The treatment of BV is usually performed using broad‐spectrum antibiotics, including metronidazole and clindamycin. However, these conventional treatments are associated with high recurrence rates. The BV polymicrobial biofilm may have an important role on the treatment outcome and is accounted as one of the factors for treatment failure. Other possible reasons for treatment failure include the presence of species resistant to antibiotics or the chance of reinfection after treatment. Therefore, novel strategies to increase the rates of treatment have been studied namely the use of probiotics and prebiotics, acidifying agents, antiseptics, plant‐based products, vaginal microbiota transplantation, and phage endolysins. Although some of them are still in an initial phase of development with very preliminary results, they show great perspectives for application. In this review, we aimed to study the role of the polymicrobial nature of BV in treatment failure and explore a few alternatives for treatment.
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