Polymer Actuators: Soft but Powerful Artificial Muscles Based on 3D Graphene–CNT–Ni Heteronanostructures (Small 31/2017)

In article number 1701314, Il-kwon Oh and co-workers develop high-performance ionic artificial muscles for next-generation soft haptic devices using 3D graphene–CNT–Ni heteronanostructures. The 3D graphene–CNT–Ni heteronanostructures embedded in electrodes and the ionic membrane of the artificial muscles provide sufficient contact area with the electrically conductive 3D networks, which result in improved bending deformation and blocking force of the ionic artificial muscles.