渗透
膜
渗透
溶剂
反渗透
扩散
水运
化学
化学工程
渗透
正渗透
渗透压
溶解度
水流
材料科学
热力学
有机化学
环境工程
生物化学
物理
工程类
作者
Li Wang,Jinlong He,Mohammad Heiranian,Hanqing Fan,Lianfa Song,Ying Li,Menachem Elimelech
出处
期刊:Science Advances
[American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)]
日期:2023-04-14
卷期号:9 (15)
被引量:82
标识
DOI:10.1126/sciadv.adf8488
摘要
We performed nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD) simulations and solvent permeation experiments to unravel the mechanism of water transport in reverse osmosis (RO) membranes. The NEMD simulations reveal that water transport is driven by a pressure gradient within the membranes, not by a water concentration gradient, in marked contrast to the classic solution-diffusion model. We further show that water molecules travel as clusters through a network of pores that are transiently connected. Permeation experiments with water and organic solvents using polyamide and cellulose triacetate RO membranes showed that solvent permeance depends on the membrane pore size, kinetic diameter of solvent molecules, and solvent viscosity. This observation is not consistent with the solution-diffusion model, where permeance depends on the solvent solubility. Motivated by these observations, we demonstrate that the solution-friction model, in which transport is driven by a pressure gradient, can describe water and solvent transport in RO membranes.
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