Meditation expertise influences response bias and prestimulus alpha activity in the somatosensory signal detection task

体感系统 心理学 脑电图 交互感受 听力学 感知 注意 阿尔法(金融) 大脑活动与冥想 脑磁图 神经科学 发展心理学 临床心理学 心理测量学 医学 结构效度
作者
Maik Mylius,Simón Guendelman,Fivos Iliopoulos,Vittorio Gallese,Laura Kaltwasser
出处
期刊:Psychophysiology [Wiley]
标识
DOI:10.1111/psyp.14712
摘要

Abstract This study investigates the proposed mechanism of mindfulness, its impact on body awareness and interoception, and its potential benefits for mental and physical health. Using psychophysical assessments, we compared 31 expert meditators with 33 matched controls (non‐meditators who engage in regular reading, more than 5 h per week) in terms of somatosensory accuracy with a somatosensory signal detection task (SSDT) and interoceptive sensibility via self‐report measures. We hypothesized that meditators would demonstrate superior somatosensory accuracy, indicative of heightened body awareness, potentially linked to increased alpha modulation in the somatosensory cortex, as observed via electroencephalography (EEG). In the SSDT, participants attempted to detect near‐threshold tactile stimuli presented with a non‐informative light in half of the trials. Contrary to our expectations, the findings showed that meditators had a lower decision threshold rather than higher accuracy. EEG results corroborated earlier research, indicating reduced prestimulus alpha power in meditators, suggesting enhanced alpha modulation. Furthermore, a trial‐by‐trial analysis revealed a negative correlation between prestimulus alpha activity and tactile perception. Compared to controls, meditators also reported greater interoceptive sensibility, less emotional suppression, and fewer difficulties in describing feelings. These findings may imply that enhanced tactile perception is associated with lower prestimulus alpha activity by reducing sensory filtering in the somatosensory cortex, thus increasing response rates without necessarily improving accuracy among meditators.
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