A Perfect Pair: Stabilized Black Phosphorous Nanosheets Engineering with Antimicrobial Peptides for Robust Multidrug Resistant Bacteria Eradication

Abstract Black phosphorus (BP) nanosheets emerged as promising 2D nanomaterial that have been applied to eradicate antibiotic‐resistant bacteria. However, their applications are limited by intrinsic ambient instability. Here, the ε ‐poly‐ l ‐lysine ( ε ‐PL)‐engineered BP nanosheets are constructed via simple electrostatic interaction to cater the demand for passivating BP with amplified antibacterial activity. The dual drug‐delivery complex named BP@ε‐PL can closely anchor onto the surface of bacteria, leading to membrane disintegration. Subsequently, in situ hyperthermia generated by BP under near‐infrared (NIR) irradiation can precisely eradicate pathogenic bacteria. In vitro antibacterial studies verify the rapid disinfection ability of BP@ ε ‐PL against Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) within 15 min. Moreover, ε ‐PL can serve as an effective protector to avoid chemical degradation of bare BP. The in vivo antibacterial study shows that a 99.4% antibacterial rate in a MRSA skin infection model is achieved, which is accompanied by negligible toxicity. In conclusion, this work not merely provides a new conjecture for protecting the BP, but also opens a novel window for synergistic antibiotic‐resistant bacteria therapy based on antimicrobial peptides and 2D photothermal nanomaterial.