Anonymous Authentication Scheme for Electric Vehicle Reservations in V2G Networks

Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) technology enables electric vehicles (EVs) to integrate into smart grids (SG), allowing them to charge on a large scale while also supporting their ability to discharge energy to the grid as mobile and distributed storage units. V2G exhibits flexible characteristics, and users have a demand to protect their personal privacy. However, existing V2G network authentication schemes seldom meet both privacy protection and dynamic management requirements simultaneously. This paper presents a secure, efficient, and anonymous dynamic authentication scheme for V2G networks. The scheme allows charging stations to anonymously authenticate EVs and dynamically manage them. Additionally, the proposed authentication scheme incurs a constant time overhead during the verification phase, irrespective of the number of electric vehicles, and EVs do not need to update their member certificates and key pairs before exiting the V2G network. This authentication scheme addresses the unique challenges posed by V2G networks, ensuring real-time monitoring of electric vehicle energy storage capabilities while maintaining dynamic vehicle management with anonymity. The scheme ensures the security and efficiency of V2G networks, thereby promoting the widespread adoption of V2G technology and contributing to the development of SG.