Hazards of pollutants and ventilation control strategy in industrial workshops: Current state and future trend

Industries such as metallurgy, chemical engineering, metal products, building materials, welding, and nuclear engineering inevitably emit high-strength pollutants (solid and liquid particulate matter, harmful gases, high-temperature waste heat, etc.) during production. Pollutants not only affect production processes but also threaten the health of operators, leading to a wide range of occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis, cancer, carcinoma of the larynx, and asthma. Ventilation (in other words, the airflow distribution mode) is a key means to solve the indoor air quality problems of high-pollution industrial buildings, but the ventilation technology of high-pollution industrial buildings is very difficult. Existing researchers have conducted in-depth research on ventilation strategies and performance improvement of ventilation systems, etc., but have not yet fully addressed the issue of air quality in industrial workshops. For example, how to accurately identify pollution sources and intelligently regulate the workshop environment on demand? To regulate pollutants more effectively and create a healthy workshop environment, this study detailly summaries the related research of types and characteristics of industrial pollutants, the hazard of industrial pollutants (qualitative analysis) and environmental burden of disease (quantitative determination), the determination method of pollutant spatial distribution, industrial ventilation methods, industrial ventilation system design method, and pollutant regulation strategies. An analysis of the progress and shortcomings of existing research reveals that intelligent regulation based on inverse design methods will be one of the main research directions in the field of industrial ventilation in the future. This study provides new perspectives on the ventilation control of pollutants in industrial workshops to create a healthy, comfortable, and energy-efficient working environment.