Redox Responsive Smart Nanomaterials to Tackle Hypoxia Associated Oxidative Damage and Inflammatory Mediators Using Phytocompounds

Proteins, lipids and DNA are harmed when reactive oxygen species (ROS) are present in extreme quantity. Numerous ROS-producing compounds have been studied to see if they can kill cells and destroy tumours when ROS production rises above the dangerous threshold level. When a patient’s body doesn’t have enough oxygen, hypoxia is reported. Hypoxia in the tumour microenvironment (TME) frequently promotes tumour growth and increases the tumor’s resistance to ROS-based cancer therapies, leading to suboptimal treatment outcomes. Numerous techniques (nanotechnology) have been developed to increase the effectiveness of ROS-generated cancer therapy by continuously producing oxygen to combat hypoxia in TME. This chapter will provide an overview of current hypoxia treatment strategies based on nanomaterials that limit TME and promote ROS generation. Oxidative damage and low pH are involved in a lot of inflammatory diseases. The study suggests a phytocompound like curcumin, which is successfully delivered by a nanoparticle-based technology and responds to both oxidative stress and a drop in pH in an inflammatory milieu, as an immune-modulating medication with considerable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capabilities. Numerous research investigations and results support the idea of using nanoparticles to treat diseases brought on by oxidative stress. In order to battle the tumour hypoxia-associated resistance to ROS-mediated cancer therapy and advance ROS-generated cancer therapies, we believe that this chapter may offer some useful suggestions for the design and manufacture of more sophisticated nanomaterials with O2 supply capabilities.