Hot and dry conditions predict shorter nestling telomeres in an endangered songbird: Implications for population persistence

生物 人口 生态学 濒危物种 气候变化 物候学 鸣鸟 生殖成功 持久性(不连续性) 动物 人口学 栖息地 工程类 社会学 岩土工程
作者
Justin R. Eastwood,Tim Connallon,Kaspar Delhey,Michelle L. Hall,Niki Teunissen,Sjouke A. Kingma,Ariana M. La Porte,Simon Verhulst,Anne Peters
出处
期刊:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [National Academy of Sciences]
卷期号:119 (25) 被引量:5
标识
DOI:10.1073/pnas.2122944119
摘要

Climate warming is increasingly exposing wildlife to sublethal high temperatures, which may lead to chronic impacts and reduced fitness. Telomere length (TL) may link heat exposure to fitness, particularly at early-life stages, because developing organisms are especially vulnerable to adverse conditions, adversity can shorten telomeres, and TL predicts fitness. Here, we quantify how climatic and environmental conditions during early life are associated with TL in nestlings of wild purple-crowned fairy-wrens (Malurus coronatus), endangered songbirds of the monsoonal tropics. We found that higher average maximum air temperature (range 31 to 45 °C) during the nestling period was associated with shorter early-life TL. This effect was mitigated by water availability (i.e., during the wet season, with rainfall), but independent of other pertinent environmental conditions, implicating a direct effect of heat exposure. Models incorporating existing information that shorter early-life TL predicts shorter lifespan and reduced fitness showed that shorter TL under projected warming scenarios could lead to population decline across plausible future water availability scenarios. However, if TL is assumed to be an adaptive trait, population viability could be maintained through evolution. These results are concerning because the capacity to change breeding phenology to coincide with increased water availability appears limited, and the evolutionary potential of TL is unknown. Thus, sublethal climate warming effects early in life may have repercussions beyond individual fitness, extending to population persistence. Incorporating the delayed reproductive costs associated with sublethal heat exposure early in life is necessary for understanding future population dynamics with climate change.
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