A decade of community-based outcomes of patients treated with curative radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer

Aim Clinical trials have reported good outcomes for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with curative radiotherapy. These populations are highly selected and may not be representative of lung cancer population. We aim to evaluate the outcomes of NSCLC patients treated with radiotherapy ± chemotherapy in Australian community setting and to assess the effect of comorbidity on outcomes. Method Oncology records at Liverpool and Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centres, Sydney, Australia, were queried to retrieve patient, tumor and treatment data for stage I–III NSCLC patients who were treated with radiotherapy (minimum dose 60 Gy) between 1 January 2000 and 31 December 2010. Simplified comorbidity score (SCS) was used to score comorbidity. Kaplan–Meier and Cox hazards models were used for survival analysis. Results A total of 160 patients were identified with median follow-up of 22 months. Median age was 69 years (range 36–89); 76 patients received radiotherapy alone, 25 received sequential chemoradiation and 59 received concurrent chemoradiation. Median overall survivals for stages I, II and III were 29, 26 and 18 months, respectively. On multivariate analysis, stage II or III and weight loss > 5% were predictive of cancer-specific survival with hazard ratios of 4.47 (1.08–18.55, P = 0.04) and 2.23 (1.13–4.39, P = 0.02), respectively. Toxicities were grade ≥ 3 pneumonitis in 2% of patients, grade ≥ 3 esophagitis in 6% and grade ≥ 3 febrile neutropenia in 2%. There were no treatment-related deaths. SCS was neither prognostic nor predictive of toxicity or survival. Conclusion Curative radiotherapy ± chemotherapy is a well-tolerated and effective treatment for inoperable or locally advanced NSCLC. Patients should not be excluded from radiotherapy on basis of comorbidity since higher SCS was not correlated with worse survival.