Interpretation of ametryn biodegradation in rice based on joint analyses of transcriptome, metabolome and chemo-characterization

代谢组 转录组 代谢组学 化学 代谢途径 分解代谢 谷胱甘肽 生物化学 新陈代谢 生物 环境化学 代谢物 基因 基因表达 色谱法
作者
Yuxin Qiao,Nan Zhang,Jintong Liu,Hong Yang
出处
期刊:Journal of Hazardous Materials [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:445: 130526-130526 被引量:13
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130526
摘要

Agrochemicals such as pesticide residues become environmental contaminants due to their ecotoxic risks to plant, animal and human health. Ametryn (AME) is a widely used farmland pesticide and its residues are widespread in soils, surface stream and groundwater. However, its toxicological and degradative mechanisms in plants and food crops are largely unknown. This study comprehensively investigated AME toxicology and degradation mechanisms in a paddy crop. AME was freely absorbed by rice roots, translocated to the above-ground and thus repressed plant elongation, and reduced dry weight and chlorophyll concentration, but increased oxidative injury and subcellular electrolyte permeability. Analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome revealed that exposure to AME evoked global AME-responsive genes and step-wise catabolism of AME. We detected 995 (roots) and 136 (shoots) upregulated and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in response to AME. Metabolomic profiling revealed that many basal metabolites such as carbohydrates, amino acids, glutathione, hormones and phenylpropanoids involved in AME catabolism were accordingly accumulated in rice. Eight metabolites and twelve conjugates of AME were characterized by HPLC-Q-TOF-HRMS/MS. These AME metabolites and conjugates are closely related to DEGs, differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) and activities of antioxidative enzymes. Collectively, our work highlights the specific mechanisms for AME degradative metabolism through Phase I and II reactive pathways (e.g. hydroxylation and dealkylation), with will help develop genetically engineered rice used to bioremediate AME-contaminated paddy soils and minimize AME accumulation rice crops.
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