神经科学
突触
生物
神经元
神经系统
生物神经网络
中枢神经系统
神经传递
受体
生物化学
作者
Daniel K. Wilton,Lasse Dissing‐Olesen,Beth Stevens
出处
期刊:Annual Review of Neuroscience
[Annual Reviews]
日期:2019-07-08
卷期号:42 (1): 107-127
被引量:281
标识
DOI:10.1146/annurev-neuro-070918-050306
摘要
Maturation of neuronal circuits requires selective elimination of synaptic connections. Although neuron-intrinsic mechanisms are important in this process, it is increasingly recognized that glial cells also play a critical role. Without proper functioning of these cells, the number, morphology, and function of synaptic contacts are profoundly altered, resulting in abnormal connectivity and behavioral abnormalities. In addition to their role in synaptic refinement, glial cells have also been implicated in pathological synapse loss and dysfunction following injury or nervous system degeneration in adults. Although mechanisms regulating glia-mediated synaptic elimination are still being uncovered, it is clear this complex process involves many cues that promote and inhibit the removal of specific synaptic connections. Gaining a greater understanding of these signals and the contribution of different cell types will not only provide insight into this critical biological event but also be instrumental in advancing knowledge of brain development and neural disease.
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