Membrane anchoring of New Delhi metallo‐β‐lactamase‐1 alters the fitness of Escherichia coli and increases its susceptibility to colistin by inducing outer membrane destabilization

New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (NDM-1)-producing bacteria are resistant to nearly all available β-lactam antibiotics and have become a public health threat. Antibiotic resistance often carries fitness costs, which typically manifest as a reduced bacterial growth rate. Here, we investigated the mechanism of fitness cost in NDM-1-producing bacteria. Our findings revealed that strains expressing bla