生物医学
计算机科学
人工智能
重要事件
数据科学
生物信息学
生物
历史
考古
作者
Konstantina Athanasopoulou,Glykeria N. Daneva,Panagiotis G. Adamopoulos,Andreas Scorilas
出处
期刊:BioMedInformatics
[MDPI AG]
日期:2022-12-17
卷期号:2 (4): 727-744
被引量:33
标识
DOI:10.3390/biomedinformatics2040049
摘要
In recent years, the advent of new experimental methodologies for studying the high complexity of the human genome and proteome has led to the generation of an increasing amount of digital information, hence bioinformatics, which harnesses computer science, biology, and chemistry, playing a mandatory role for the analysis of the produced datasets. The emerging technology of Artificial Intelligence (AI), including Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs), is nowadays at the core of biomedical research and has already paved the way for significant breakthroughs in both biological and medical sciences. AI and computer science have transformed traditional medicine into modern biomedicine, thus promising a new era in systems biology that will enhance drug discovery strategies and facilitate clinical practice. The current review defines the main categories of AI and thoroughly describes the fundamental principles of the widely used ML, ANNs and DL approaches. Furthermore, we aim to underline the determinant role of AI-based methods in various biological research fields, such as proteomics and drug design techniques, and finally, investigate the implication of AI in everyday clinical practice and healthcare systems. Finally, this review also highlights the challenges and future directions of AI in Modern Biomedical study.
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