脂肪组织
骨结合蛋白
胰岛素抵抗
医学
内科学
内分泌学
脂肪因子
糖尿病
纤维化
瘦素
肥胖
生物
生物化学
碱性磷酸酶
酶
骨钙素
作者
Katarina Kos,John Wilding
标识
DOI:10.1038/nrendo.2010.18
摘要
SPARC (secreted protein acidic and rich in cysteine, also known as osteonectin or BM-40) is a widely expressed profibrotic protein with pleiotropic roles, which have been studied in a variety of conditions. Notably, SPARC is linked to human obesity; SPARC derived from adipose tissue is associated with insulin resistance and secretion of SPARC by adipose tissue is increased by insulin and the adipokine leptin. Furthermore, SPARC is associated with diabetes complications such as diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy, conditions that are ameliorated in the Sparc-knockout mouse model. As a regulator of the extracellular matrix, SPARC also contributes to adipose-tissue fibrosis. Evidence suggests that adipose tissue becomes increasingly fibrotic in obesity. Fibrosis of subcutaneous adipose tissue may restrict accumulation of triglycerides in this type of tissue. These triglycerides are, therefore, diverted and deposited as ectopic lipids in other tissues such as the liver or as intramyocellular lipids in skeletal muscle, which predisposes to insulin resistance. Hence, SPARC may represent a novel and important link between obesity and diabetes mellitus. This Review is focused on whether SPARC could be a key player in the pathology of obesity and its related metabolic complications.
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