The relationship of socioeconomic status, race, and modifiable risk factors to outcomes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

医学 社会心理的 社会经济地位 疾病 队列 内科学 社会支持 多元分析 队列研究 老年学 人口 精神科 环境卫生 心理学 心理治疗师
作者
Elizabeth W. Karlson,Lawren H. Daltroy,Robert Lew,Elizabeth A. Wright,Alison J. Partridge,Anne H. Fossel,W. Neal Roberts,Steven H. Stern,Karin V. Straaton,Mary C. Wacholtz,Arthur F. Kavanaugh,Jodi M. Grosflam,Matthew H. Liang
出处
期刊:Arthritis & Rheumatism [Wiley]
卷期号:40 (1): 47-56 被引量:225
标识
DOI:10.1002/art.1780400108
摘要

Abstract Objective . To study the relationship of race, socioeconomic status (SES), clinical factors, and psychosocial factors to outcomes in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods . A retrospective cohort was assembled, comprising 200 patients with SLE from 5 centers. This cohort was balanced in terms of race and SES. Patients provided information on socioeconomic factors, access to health care, nutrition, self‐efficacy for disease management, health locus of control, social support, compliance, knowledge about SLE, and satisfaction with medical care. Outcome measures included disease activity (measured by the Systemic Lupus Activity Measure), damage (measured by the SLICC/ACR damage index), and health status (measured by the SF‐36). Results . In multivariate models that were controlled for race, SES, center, psychosocial factors, and clinical factors, lower self‐efficacy for disease management ( P ≤ 0.0001), less social support ( P < 0.005), and younger age at diagnosis ( P < 0.007) were associated with greater disease activity. Older age at diagnosis ( P ≤ 0.0001), longer duration of SLE ( P ≤ 0.0001), poor nutrition ( P < 0.002), and higher disease activity at diagnosis ( P < 0.007) were associated with more damage. Lower self‐efficacy for disease management was associated with worse physical function ( P ≤ 0.0001) and worse mental health status ( P ≤ 0.0001). Conclusion . Disease activity and health status were most strongly associated with potentially modifiable psychosocial factors such as self‐efficacy for disease management. Cumulative organ damage was most highly associated with clinical factors such as age and duration of disease. None of the outcomes measured were associated with race. These results suggest that education and counseling, coordinated with medical care, might improve outcomes in patients with SLE.

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